Pros and Cons of Intervening in the Syrian Conflict

Biography of Fred Hampton, Black Panther Party Leader

Fred Hampton (August 30, 1948–December 4, 1969) was an activist for the NAACP and the Black Panther Party. At age 21, Hampton was fatally shot alongside a fellow activist during a law enforcement raid. Activists and the broader black community considered the deaths of these men unjust, and their families ultimately received a settlement stemming from a civil lawsuit. Today, Hampton is widely remembered as a martyr for the cause of black liberation. Fast Facts: Fred Hampton Known For: Black Panther Party activist who was in a law enforcement raidBorn: August 30, 1948 in Summit, Illinois.Parents: Francis Allen Hampton and Iberia HamptonDied: December 4, 1969 in Chicago, IllinoisEducation: YMCA Community College, Triton CollegeChildren: Fred Hampton Jr.Notable Quote: â€Å"We always say in the Black Panther Party they can do anything they want to to us. We might not be back. I might be in jail. I might be anywhere.  But when I leave, you’ll remember I said, with the last words on my lips, that I am a revolutionary. Early Years Fred Hampton was born on August 30, 1948 in Summit, Illinois. His parents, Francis Allen Hampton and Iberia Hampton, were Louisiana natives who relocated to Chicago. As a youth, Fred excelled in sports and dreamed of playing baseball for the New York Yankees. However, he also excelled in the classroom. Hampton ultimately attended Triton College, where he studied pre-law in hopes of helping people of color fight back against police brutality. As a teen, Hampton became involved in civil rights by leading a local NAACP youth council. He helped to grow the councils membership to more than 500 members. Activism in the Black Panther Party Hampton had success with the NAACP, but the radicalism of the Black Panther Party resonated with him even more. The BPP had successfully launched a free breakfast program to feed children in a number of cities. The group also advocated for self-defense rather than nonviolence and took a global perspective on the black freedom struggle, finding inspiration in Maoism. A skilled speaker and organizer, Hampton quickly moved through the ranks of the BPP. He became the leader of Chicago’s BPP branch, then the chairmain of the Illinois BPP, and finally the deputy chair of the national BPP. He engaged in grassroots activism, working as an organizer, a peacemaker, and taking part in the BPP’s free breakfast program and people’s medical clinic. A COINTELPRO Target From the 1950s until the 1970s, the FBI’s Counterintelligence Program (COINTELPRO) targeted leaders of activist organizations like Fred Hampton. The program served to undermine, infiltrate, and spread misinformation (often through extrajudicial means) about political groups and the activists who belonged to them. COINTELPRO targeted civil rights leaders such as the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. as well as radical groups like the Black Panther Party, the American Indian Movement, and the Young Lords. As Hampton’s influence in the Black Panthers grew, the FBI began to focus on his activities, opening a file on him in 1967. The FBI enlisted a man named William ONeal to infiltrate and sabotage the Black Panthers Party. ONeal, who had been previously arrested for car theft and impersonating a federal officer, agreed to the task because the federal agency promised to drop the felony charges against him. O’Neal quickly gained access to Hampton by becoming both his bodyguard and a security director in Hampton’s Black Panther Party chapter. As a Black Panther Party leader, Hampton persuaded Chicago’s black and Puerto Rican street gangs to call a truce. He also worked with white-dominated groups like Students for a Democratic Society and the Weather Underground. He called the multiracial groups he collaborated with his Rainbow Coalition. Following FBI director J. Edgar Hoover’s orders, O’Neal undid much of Hampton’s work to foster peace in the community, leading community members to lose confidence in the BPP. Fred Hamptons Killing Sowing discord in the community wasn’t the only way O’Neal attempt to undermine Hampton. He also played a direct role in his killing. On December 3, 1969, O’Neal secretly drugged Hampton by putting a sleeping pill into his drink. Shortly afterward, law enforcement agents initiated an early morning raid on Hampton’s apartment. Despite not having a warrant for weapons charges, they entered the apartment with guns firing. They mortally wounded Mark Clark, who was guarding Hampton. Hampton and his fiancee, Deborah Johnson (also called Akua Njeri), were asleep in their bedroom. They had been wounded but survived the gunfire. When an officer realized that Hampton hadn’t been killed, he proceeded to shoot the activist twice in the head. Johnson, who was expecting a child with Hampton, was not killed. The other seven Black Panthers present in the apartment were charged with several serious crimes, including attempted murder, armed violence, and multiple weapons charges. However, when a Department of Justice investigation revealed that Chicago Police had fired up to 99 shots, and the Panthers had only fired once, the charges were dropped. Activists considered the killing of Hampton to be an assassination. When the FBI’s Pennsylvania field office was broken into not long after, the COINTELPRO files found included a floor plan of Hampton’s apartment and documents that mentioned covering up the FBI’s part in Hampton’s killing. Lawsuit and Settlement The family members of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark sued the Chicago Police, Cook County, and the FBI for $47.7 million in 1970 for wrongfully killing the men. That case was thrown out, but a new case took place in 1979 after officials concluded that the law enforcement agencies involved had obstructed justice and refused to hand over relevant paperwork related to the killings. Three years later, the families of Hampton and Clark learned that they would receive a $1.85 million settlement from the local and federal agencies responsible for the men’s deaths. Although that sum was far less than what they’d sought, the settlement was an acknowledgement, to a degree, of wrongdoing. Had the Chicago Police not killed Fred Hampton, he would have been named chief of staff of the Black Panther Partys central committee, making him a key spokesman for the group. Hampton never got that opportunity, but he has not been forgotten. Soon after his death, the BPP filmed an investigation of his apartment, which police did not close off. The footage captured is seen in the 1971 documentary â€Å"The Murder of Fred Hampton.† An estimated 5,000 mourners turned up to Hampton’s funeral, during which the activist was remembered by civil rights leaders such the Rev. Jesse Jackson and Ralph Abernathy.  Although activists Roy Wilkins and Ramsey Clark characterized Hampton’s killing as unjustified, none of the officers or officials involved in the raid were convicted of wrongdoing. Legacy A number of writers, rappers, and musicians have referred to Fred Hampton in their writings or lyrics. The group Rage Against the Machine famously mentions the activist in its 1996 hit â€Å"Down Rodeo,† in which frontman Zack de la Rocha declares, â€Å"They ain’t gonna send us campin’ like they did my man Fred Hampton.† In the city of Chicago, December 4 is â€Å"Fred Hampton Day.† A public pool in Maywood, Illinois, where Hampton grew up, bears his name. A bust of Hampton sits outside the Fred Hampton Family Aquatic Center. Hampton, like other political activists, seemed keenly aware that his work would put his life in jeopardy. However, while he was alive, he expressed confidence in his own legacy: â€Å"We always say in the Black Panther Party that they can do anything they want to us. We might not be back. I might be in jail. I might be anywhere. But when I leave, you’ll remember I said, with the last words on my lips, that I am a revolutionary. And you’re going to have to keep on saying that. You’re going to have to say that I am a proletariat, I am the people.† Sources Ballesteros, Carlos. â€Å"Black Panther icon Fred Hampton’s boyhood home facing foreclosure.† Chicago Sun-Times, 16 October, 2018.â€Å"Fred Hampton.† National Archives, 15 December, 2016. Silva, Christianna. â€Å"Who Was Fred Hampton, the Black Panther Shot and Killed by Chicago Police 48 Years Ago?† Newsweek, 4 December, 2017.â€Å"Watch: The Assassination of Fred Hampton: How the FBI and Chicago Police Murdered a Black Panther.† Democracy Now! 4 December, 2014.

Baseball America s Pastime - 869 Words

Baseball; America’s pastime. The history of the game is just as much a part of America’s story as the Liberty Bell. There is no place that history is preserved more than the small town of 1,800 residents, Cooperstown, NY; home of the National Baseball Hall of Fame. Since 1936, the Hall of Fame has immortalized 215 of the most revered men to ever grace a ball diamond. Nearly every era of the game is depicted; with names like Cobb, Ruth, DiMaggio, Williams, and Mantle forever having their likeness emblazoned in Bronze, telling their stories for generations to come (Baseball Hall, n.d.). However, there is one era that has no representation for immortality and there is a large debate as to if it ever should; the Steroid Era. There is not a definitive starting point to the steroid era; however, it is considered the late 1980’s when Jose Canseco and Mark McGwire, â€Å"The Bash Brothers,† of the Oakland Athletics combined to hit 91 Home Runs in the 1987 sea son. This ushered a change in baseball in regards to power hitters. Leading up to the 1994 season, there had only been three players that hit 50 or more home runs in a single season, since 1961 when Roger Maris hit a then record 61 long balls. Throughout the 1990s, 50 Home Runs in a season by a single player became common (The Steroids Era, 2012). The drastic increase in the number of Home Runs hit began to raise some questions, and the summer of 1998 most likely drew the most attention to the potential use of Steroids.Show MoreRelatedBaseball Is America s Pastime2072 Words   |  9 Pages Baseball is America’s pastime. Thousands of fans every season gather in stadiums nationwide to watch as players take the diamond. People of all ages have a love for baseball, after all it is the all American sport. Baseball was loved by millions until one day when the truth came out. The 1919 World Series had been rigged. Hearts were broken and sadness spread across America. 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With only 750 players throughout 30 Major League Baseball (MLB) teams, the odds of making it to â€Å"The Show† are highly unlikely. To make it to the big leagues as an African American player was an even harder feat to accomplish in the mid to lateRead MoreAmerica s National Pastime Of Baseball Essay1518 Words   |  7 PagesSince its grand entry in the 19th century, baseball has evolved to be one of the most popular sport nationally and to be known as America’s national pastime. This multibillion dollar industry attracts millions of fans worldwide throughout different regions. The origin of baseball is believed to have evolved from a ball-and-bat game called Seker-Hemant played by ancient Egyptians dating as far back as 2,500 BCE. 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The Ancient Greece Culture free essay sample

Lord Gomez DBQ Essay The Ancient Greece culture has made many contributions to western civilization. The ancient Greeks affected the western civilizations math, government, sports, and medicine. They affected the western civilization in a big way. We even use some of these contributions today. A way that the ancient Greeks contributed to our government is that Greece had the first known democracy. As seen in document 3 Pericles had a lot to do with democracy. Pericles had three main goals, to Strengthen Democracy, Hold strength in the empire, and to glorify Athens. Pericles said that he wanted all people to have an equal opportunity to serve the public. This period in time was known as the citys Golden age. To strengthen democracy, Pericles increased the number of paid public officials. He also improved laws to be more equal to everyone. Due to democracy citizens were given freedom of speech and a voice in making laws. We will write a custom essay sample on The Ancient Greece Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He let common people not Just the rich participate in the government. Arts and sciences flourished, and manufacturing and trade continued to grow. Socrates, Aristotle, and Plato are some of the most well known philosophers ever. Socrates was famous for questioning about life. He once said an unexamined life is not worth living as seen in document 1 . This quote brings about many questions and possibilities about what life is and how it is cherished. Plato is the student of Socrates. He emphasized the importance of reason. The republic was written by Plato that describes the ideal state. As seen in document 2 Aristotle is known for believing that if people study life they will understand it more. Philosophers today still study, and get ideas from many of Ancient philosophers quotes. Greeks affected sports in western civilization. As seen in document 8 Myrons famous marble sculpture of the discus thrower represents an Olympic event. Greece was the first civilization to have sports and make it a tradition. Greece hosted the first Olympics. They had played boxing, Chariot racing, riding horses, running, Jumping, and wrestling. Today in the western civilization athletes compete in many of the same sports as the first Olympics had. The Olympics were around for very long. As seen in document 4 Medics in the western civilization have been impacted by any of ancient Greeces contributions. Hippocrates, who created the Hippocratic Oath, was a mathematician, and doctor he is sometimes was called the father of medicine. He said in the oath that he would treat his patients to the best of his ability and he would never give deadly medicine to a patient if asked. Today the Hippocratic Oath is used less and less. Western civilization was mostly made up by using Greeces government, sports, and philosophers. Greece has contributed so much to western civilization. The Ancient Greece Culture By lordgz

Martin Luther King Jr. Vs Malcolm X Essays - Community Organizing

Martin Luther King Jr. Vs Malcolm X Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X grew up in different environments. King was raised in a comfortable middle-class family where education was stressed. On the other hand, Malcolm X came from and underprivileged home. He was a self-taught man who received little schooling and rose to greatness on his own intelligence and determination. Martin Luther King was born into a family whose name in Atlanta was well established. Despite segregation, Martin Luther Kings parents ensured that their child was secure and happy. Malcolm X was born on May 19, 1925 and was raised in a completely different atmosphere than King, an atmosphere of fear and anger where the seeds of bitterness were planted. The burning of his house by the Klu Klux Klan resulted in the murder of his father. His mother later suffered a nervous breakdown and his family was split up. He was haunted by this early nightmare for most of his life. From then on, he was driven by hatred and a desire for revenge. The early backgrounds of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King were largely responsible for the distinct different responses to American racism. Both men ultimately became towering icons of contemporary African-American culture and had a great influence on black Americans. However, King had a more positive attitude than Malcolm X, believing that through peaceful demonstrations and arguments, blacks will be able to someday achieve full equality with whites. Malcolm Xs despair about life was reflected in his angry, pessimistic belief that equality is impossible because whites have no moral conscience. King basically adopted on an integrationalist philosophy, whereby he felt that blacks and whites should be united and live together in peace. Malcolm X, however, promoted nationalist and separatist doctrines. For most of his life, he believed that only through revolution and force could blacks attain their rightful place in society. Both X and King spread their message through powerful, hard-hitting speeches. Nevertheless, their intentions were delivered in different styles and purposes. King was basically a peaceful leader who urged non-violence to his followers. He travelled about the country giving speeches that inspired black and white listeners to work together for racial harmony. (pg. 135, Martin Luther King Jr. and the Freedom Movement) Malcolm X, for the most part, believed that non-violence and integration was a trick by the whites to keep blacks in their places. He was furious at white racism and encouraged his followers through his speeches to rise up and protest against their white enemies. After Malcolm X broke away from Elijah Mohammed, this change is reflected in his more moderate speeches. Malcolm X and Martin Luther Kings childhoods had powerful influences on the men and their speeches. Malcolm X was brought up in an atmosphere of violence. During his childhood, Malcolm X suffered not only from abuse by whites, but also from domestic violence. His father beat his mother and both of them abused their children. His mother was forced to raise eight children during the depression. After his mother had a mental breakdown, the children were all placed in foster homes. Malcolm Xs resentment was increased as he suffered through the ravages of integrated schooling. Although an intelligent student who shared the dream of being a lawyer with Martin Luther King, Malcolm Xs anger and disillusionment caused him to drop out of school. He started to use cocaine and set up a burglary ring to support his expensive habit. Malcolm Xs hostility and promotion of violence as a way of getting change was well established in his childhood. Martin Luther King lived in an entirely different environment. He was a smart student and skipped two grades before entering an ivy league college at only the age of 15. He was the class valedictorian with an A average. King paraded his graduation present in a new green Chevrolet before his fellow graduates. He was raised in the perfect environment where dreams and love were generated. King and Xs childhoods are a study in polarity. (pg. 254, Reflecting Black) Whereas, Malcolm X was raised in nightmarish conditions. Kings home was almost dream-like. He was raised in a comfortable middle-class home where

Money Laundering Act Essays

Money Laundering Act Essays Money Laundering Act Essay Money Laundering Act Essay THE PREVENTION OF MONEY-LAUNDERING (AMENDMENT)ACT, 2009 NO. 21 OF 2009 [6th March, 2009. ] An Act further to amend the Prevention of Money-laundering Act, 2002. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixtieth Year of the Republic of India as follows:@ 1. ! Short title and commencement. ! 1. Short title and commencement. – (1) This Act may be called the Prevention of Money-laundering (Amendment) Act, 2009. (2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. @ 2. % Amendment of section 2. ! 2. Amendment of section 2. In section 2 of the Prevention of Money-laundering Act, 2002 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), in sub-section (1),(i) after clause (d), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:- (da) authorised person means an authorised person as defined in clause (c) of section 2 of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999;; (ii) after clause (j), the following clause shall be inserted, namely :- (ja) designated business or profession means carrying on activities for playing games of chance for cash or kind, and includes such activities associated with casino or such other activities as the Central Government may, by notification, so designate, from time to time;; (iii) in clause (l), for the words a non-banking financial company, the words an authorised person, a payment system operator and a non-banking financial company shall be substituted; (iv) in clause (q), after the words and figures Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, the words and includes a person carrying on designated business or profession shall be inserted; (v) after clause (r), the following clauses shall be inserted, namely:- (ra) offence of cross border implications, means- (i) any conduct by a person at a place outside India which constitutes an offence at that place and which would have constituted an offence specified in Part A, Part B or Part C of the Schedule, had it been committed in India and if such person remits the proceeds of such conduct or part thereof to India; or (ii) any offence specified in Part A, Part B or Part C of the Schedule which has been committed in India and the proceeds of crime, or part thereof have been transferred to a place outside India or any attempt has been made to transfer the proceeds of crime, or part thereof from India to a place outside India. Explanation. -Nothing contained in this clause shall adversely affect any investigation, enquiry, trial or proceeding before any authority in respect of the offences specified in Part A or Part B of the Schedule to the Act before the commencement of the Prevention of Money-laundering (Amendment) Act, 2009; (rb) payment system means a system that enables payment to be effected between a payer and a beneficiary, involving clearing, payment or settlement 1 service or all of them. Explanation. -For the purposes of this clause, payment system includes the systems enabling credit card operations, debit card operations, smart card operations, money transfer operations or similar operations; (rc) payment system operator means a person who operates a payment system and such person includes his overseas principal. Explanation. For the purposes of this clause, overseas principal means,- (A) in the case of a person, being an individual, such individual residing outside India, who owns or controls or manages, directly or indirectly, the activities or functions of payment system in India; (B) in the case of a Hindu undivided family, Karta of such Hindu undivided family residing outside India who owns or controls or manages, directly or indirectly, the activities or functions of payment system in India; (C) in the case of a company, a firm, an association of persons, a body of individuals, an artificial juridical person, whether incorporated or not, such company, firm, association of persons, body of individuals, artificial juridical person incorporated or registered outside India or existing as such and which owns or controls or manages, directly or indirectly, the activities or functions of payment system in India;; (vi) in clause (y), for sub-clause (ii), the following sub-clauses shall be substituted, namely:- (ii) the offences specified under Part B of the Schedule if the total value involved in such offences is thirty lakh rupees or more; or (iii) the offences specified under Part C of the Schedule. . @ 3. % Amendment of section 5. ! 3. Amendment of section 5. In section 5 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1),(a) for the words ninety days, the w ords one hundred and fifty days shall be substituted; (b) for the proviso, the following provisos shall be substituted, namely:Provided that no such order of attachment shall be made unless, in relation to the scheduled offence, a report has been orwarded to a Magistrate under section 173 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, or a complaint has been filed by a person, authorised to investigate the offence mentioned in the Schedule, before a Magistrate or court for taking cognizance of the scheduled offence, as the case may be: Provided further that, notwithstanding anything contained in clause (b), any property of any person may be attached under this section if the Director or any other officer not below the rank of Deputy Director authorised by him for the purposes of this section has reason to believe (the reasons for such belief to be recorded in writing), on the basis of material in his possession, that if such property involved in money-laundering is not attached immediatel y under this Chapter, the non-attachment of the property is likely to frustrate any proceeding under this Act. . @ 4. % Amendment of section 6. ! 4. Amendment of section 6. In section 6 of the principal Act,- (i) in sub-section (1), for the words one or more Adjudicating Authorities, the words an Adjudicating Authority shall be substituted; (ii) in the proviso to sub-section (8), for the word sixty-two, the word sixty-five shall be substituted. 2 @ 5. % Amendment of section 8. ! 5. Amendment of section 8. In section 8 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1), for the words and figure offence under section 3, the words and figure offence under section 3 or is in possession of proceeds of crime shall be substituted. @ 6. % Amendment of section 12. ! 6. Amendment of section 12. In section 12 of the principal Act, for sub-section (2), the following sub-section shall be substituted, namely:(2)(a) The records referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (1) shall be maintained for a period of ten years from the date of transactions between the clients and the banking company or financial institution or intermediary, as the case may be. ( b) The records referred to in clause (c) of sub-section (1) shall be maintained for a period of ten years from the date of cessation of transactions between the clients and the banking company or financial institution or intermediary, as the case may be. . @ 7. % Amendment of section 17. ! 7. Amendment of section 17. In section 17 of the principal Act, in sub-section (1),(i) in the opening portion, for the words the Director, the words the Director or any other officer not below the rank of Deputy Director authorised by him for the purposes of this section, shall be substituted; (ii) for the proviso, the following proviso shall be substituted, namely:- Provided that no search shall be conducted unless, in relation to the scheduled offence, a report has been forwarded to a Magistrate under section 157 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, or a complaint has been filed by a person, authorised to investigate the offence mentioned in the Schedule, before a Magistrate or court for tak ing cognizance of the scheduled offence, as the case may be. . @ 8. % Amendment of section 18. ! 8. Amendment of section 18. In section 18 of the principal Act,(i) in sub-section (1), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:- Provided that no search of any person shall be made unless, in relation to the scheduled offence, a report has been forwarded to a Magistrate under section 173 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, or a complaint has been filed by a person authorised to investigate the offence mentioned in the Schedule, before a Magistrate or court for taking cognizance of the scheduled offence, as the case may be. ; (ii) in sub-section (9), the proviso shall be omitted. @ 9. % Amendment of section 28. ! 9. Amendment of section 28. In section 28 of the principal Act, in sub-section (2), clause (a) shall be omitted. @ 10. % Amendment of section 32. ! 10. Amendment of section 32. In section 32 of the principal Act, in sub-section (2), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:Provided that the Chief Justice of India shall be consulted before removal of the Chairperson or a Member who was appointed on the recommendation of the Chief Justice of India. . 3 @ 11. % Amendment of section 38. ! 11. Amendment of section 38. In section 38 of the principal Act, for the words one or more of the other Members, the words third Member shall be substituted. @ 12. % Amendment of section 60. ! 12. Amendment of section 60. In section 60 of the principal Act, after sub-section (6), the following sub-section hall be inserted, namely:(7) When any property in India is confiscated as a result of execution of a request from a contracting State in accordance with the provisions of this Act, the Central Government may either return such property to the requesting State or compensate that State by disposal of such property on mutually agreed terms that would take into account deduction for reasonable expenses incurred in investigation, prosecution or judicial proceedings leading to the return or disposal of confiscated property. . @ 13. % Amendment of Schedule. ! 13. Amendment of Schedule. In the principal Act, in the Schedule,- (i) in Part A,- (a) in Paragraph 1, after section 121A and the entry relating thereto, the following sections and the entries shall be inserted, namely:- Section Description of offence 489A Counterfeiting currency notes or bank notes. 489B Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit currency notes or bank notes. ; (b) in Paragraph 2, for sections 15, 18 and 20 and the entries relating thereto, the following sections and the entries shall be substituted, namely:- Section Description of offence 15 Contravention in relation to poppy straw. 16 Contravention in relation to coca plant and coca leaves. 17 Contravention in relation to prepared opium. 18 Contravention in relation to opium poppy and opium. 19 Embezzl ement of opium by cultivator. 20 Contravention in relation to cannabis plant and cannabis. 21 Contravention in relation to manufactured drugs and preparations. ; (c) after Paragraph 2, the following Paragraphs shall be inserted, namely:PARAGRAPH 3 OFFENCES UNDER THE EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES ACT, 1908 Section Description of offence 3 Causing explosion likely to endanger life or property. Attempt to cause explosion, or for making or keeping explosives with intent to endanger life or property. 5 Making or possessing explosives under suspicious circumstances. PARAGRAPH 4 OFFENCES UNDER THE UNLAWFUL ACTIVITIES (PREVENTION) ACT, 1967 Section Description of offence 10 read with section 3 Penalty for being member of an unlawful association, etc. 11 read with sections 3 Penalty for dealing with funds of an unlawful and 7 association. 13 read with section 3 Punishment for unlawful activities. 16 read with section 15 Punishment for terrorist act. 16A Punishment for making demands of radioactive su bstances, nuclear devices, etc. 17 Punishment for raising fund for terrorist act. 18 Punishment for conspiracy, etc. 8A Punishment for organising of terrorist camps. 4 18B Punishment for recruiting of any person or persons for terrorist act. 19 Punishment for harbouring, etc. 20 Punishment for being member of terrorist gang or organisation. 21 Punishment for holding proceeds of terrorism. 38 Offence relating to membership of a terrorist organisation. THE SCHEDULE [See section 2 (y)] PART A * * * * * PARAGRAPH 2 OFFENCES UNDER THE NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT, 1985 Section Description of offence 15 Contravention in relation to poppy straw. 18 Contravention in relation to opium poppy and opium. 20 Contravention in relation to cannabis plant and cannabis. * * * * PART B PARAGRAPH 1 OFFENCES UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE Section Description of offence 302 Murder. 304 Culpable homicide not amounting to murder, if act by which the death is caused is done with the intention of causing death. 307 Attempt to murder. 308 Attempt to commit culpable homicide. 327 Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property, or a valuable security, or to constrain to do anything which is illegal or which may facilitiate the commission of the offence. 329 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or a valuable security, or to constrain to do anything which is illegal or which may facilitate the commission of the offence. 64A Kidnapping for ransom, etc. 384 to 389 Offences relating to extortion. 39 Offence relating to support given to a terrorist organisation. 40 Offence of raising fund for a terrorist organisation. ; (ii) in Part B,- (a) for Paragraph 1, the following Paragraph shall be substituted, namely:PARAGRAPH 1 OFFENCES UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE Section Description of offence 120B Criminal conspiracy. 255 Counterfeiting Government stamp. 257 Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting Government stamp. 258 Sale of counterfeit Government stamp. 259 Ha ving possession of counterfeit Government stamp. 260 Using as genuine a Government stamp known to be counterfeit. 02 Murder. 304 Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder. 307 Attempt to murder. 308 Attempt to commit culpable homicide. 327 Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act. 329 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act. 364A Kidnapping for ransom, etc. 384 to 389 Offences relating to extortion. 5 392 to 402 Offences relating to robbery and dacoity. 411 Dishonestly receiving stolen property. 412 Dishonestly receiving property stolen in the commission of a dacoity. 413 Habitually dealing in stolen property. 414 Assisting in concealment of stolen property. 17 Punishment for cheating. 418 Cheating with knowledge that wrongful loss may ensue to person whose interest offender is bound to protect. 419 Punishment for cheating by personation. 420 Cheating and dishonestly inducing deliver y of properties. 421 Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors. THE SCHEDULE [See section 2 (y)] PART A * * * * * PARAGRAPH 2 OFFENCES UNDER THE NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT, 1985 Section Description of offence 15 Contravention in relation to poppy straw. 18 Contravention in relation to opium poppy and opium. 20 Contravention in relation to cannabis plant and cannabis. * * * * PART B PARAGRAPH 1 OFFENCES UNDER THE INDIAN PENAL CODE Section Description of offence 302 Murder. 304 Culpable homicide not amounting to murder, if act by which the death is caused is done with the intention of causing death. 307 Attempt to murder. 308 Attempt to commit culpable homicide. 327 Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property, or a valuable security, or to constrain to do anything which is illegal or which may facilitiate the commission of the offence. 329 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or a valuable se curity, or to constrain to do anything which is illegal or which may facilitate the commission of the offence. 64A Kidnapping for ransom, etc. 384 to 389 Offences relating to extortion. PARAGRAPH 7 OFFENCES UNDER THE ANTIQUITIES AND ARTS TREASURES ACT, 1972 Section Description of offence 25 read with Contravention of export trade in antiquities and art section 3 treasures. 28 Offences by companies. PARAGRAPH 8 OFFENCES UNDER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA ACT, 1992 Section Description of offence 12A read Prohibition of manipulative and deceptive devices, with insider trading and substantial acquisition of securities section 24 or control. PARAGRAPH 9 OFFENCES UNDER THE CUSTOMS ACT, 1962 Section Description of offence 135 Evasion of duty or prohibitions. 6 PARAGRAPH 10 OFFENCES UNDER THE BONDED LABOUR SYSTEM (ABOLITION) ACT, 1976 Section Description of offence 16 Punishment for enforcement of bonded labour. 18 Punishment for extracting bonded labour under the bonded labour system. 20 Abetment to be an offence. PARAGRAPH 11 OFFENCES UNDER THE CHILD LABOUR (PROHIBITION AND REGULATION) ACT, 1986 Section Description of offence 14 Punishment for employment of any child to work in contravention of the provisions of section 3. PARAGRAPH 12 OFFENCES UNDER THE TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN ORGANS ACT, 1994 Section Description of offence 18 Punishment for removal of human organ without authority. 19 Punishment for commercial dealings in human organs. 20 Punishment for contraventon of any other provision of this Act. PARAGRAPH 24 OFFENCES UNDER THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981 Section Description of offence 37 Failure to comply with the provisions for operating industrial plant. PARAGRAPH 25 OFFENCES UNDER THE SUPPRESSION OF UNLAWFUL ACTS AGAINST SAFETY OF MARITIME NAVIGATION AND FIXED PLATFORMS ON CONTINENTAL SHELF ACT, 2002 Section Description of offence 3 Offences against ship, fixed platform, cargo of a ship, maritime navigational facilities, etc. ; (iii) after Part B, the following Part shall be inserted, namely:- PART C An offence which is the offence of cross border implications and is specified in,- (1) Part A; or (2) Part B without any monetary threshold; or (3) the offences against property under Chapter XVII of the Indian Penal Code. . – V. K. BHASIN, Additional Secretary to the Govt. of India. {} 7

Harvard Business Review Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Harvard Business Review Article - Essay Example Following seven key lessons will emphasize on the significant aspects of effective strategic leadership as learnt and comprehended by a student. Key Lesson 1: Maintaining Effective Communication Communication of the organization's purpose is one of the most vital aspects to be considered. A corporate organization's purpose of being is what it stands for and gives an overview of the main aims it wants to achieve. So, it is essential for effective strategic leadership of a corporate organization to state clearly its mission and vision. This can be explained lucidly by the mission statement of Google, which is to organize all the information in the world in a systematic manner so that it can be accessed and utilized universally. Moreover, the brand name of a company should be a direct reflection of its core values, so that the customers would be aware of the services being provided and being attracted to avail them at the same time. Richard Reed, Co-founder of Innocent, did an exceptional job at coming up with the brand name. Innocent; which is one of the most recognized and acclaimed brand in the UK, produces healthy fruit juices and food items only. The company's name, Innoce nt goes hand in hand with the word natural, which depicts the very nature of innocent products. Key Lesson 2: Sustaining Competitive Market Advantage Another important lesson is to sustain competitive advantage in the market over the passage of time. Skimming, price war, and predatory pricing etc. are some of the marketing techniques which could be utilized by the company to sustain the advantage or to drive their competitors out of the market completely. If this upper-hand advantage is not achieved and sustained, a company could face serious consequences, which reflect adversely on its strategic leadership policies. The downfall of PepsiCo is one of the examples of this scenario as Indra Nooyi, the current chairman and CEO of PepsiCo, is facing a loss of market shares and decreasing stock values due to failure at sustaining competitive advantage with rival beverage company Coca Cola. In an announcement made in February, 2012, it was revealed that due to its financial concerns, PepsiCo is cutting down 8,700 employees. The company is starting new lines of diet soda and sugar free products to increase the customer interest but this strategy has not been very successful due to the launch of similar product lines from rival companies. PepsiCo is trying to devise new product lines in order to obtain competitive market advantage so that it can be successful in the market again. Indra Noooyi is also feared to be terminated from her current position of the CEO of the company if the financial position of the company does not stabilize. Key Lesson 3: Effective Change Management Faslane Naval Base was run entirely by the Ministry of Defence of UK and the Royal Navy up until 2002. Afterwards, a contract was signed with Babcock Marine to reduce the cost and to improve operational efficiency. The staff had to work under a different managing authority with new aims and futuristic goals. John Howie, director of Babcock Marine, set forth the emphasis on delivering services to the Navy, eradicating the previous goals of focusing on building infrastructures. Effective strategic leadership could never be achieved without effic ient and timely change management in the organization. Faslane is an organization where the only assets are the people, so to implement change, the shackles which bound the workers, had to be eliminated. Starting with low level managerial changes, the company moved towards gaining efficiency by re-engineering fundamental processes to